Karl Marx
Karl Marx (; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, economist, political theorist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet ''The Communist Manifesto'' (with Friedrich Engels) and the three-volume (1867–1894); the latter employs his critical approach of historical materialism in an analysis of capitalism and is the culmination of his intellectual efforts. Marx's ideas and theories and their subsequent development, collectively known as Marxism, have exerted enormous influence on modern intellectual, economic and political history.Born in Trier in the Kingdom of Prussia, Marx studied at the universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Jena, and received a doctorate in philosophy from the latter in 1841. A Young Hegelian, he was influenced by the philosophy of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and both critiqued and developed Hegel's ideas in works such as ''The German Ideology'' (written 1846) and the ''Grundrisse'' (written 1857–1858). While in Paris in 1844, Marx wrote his ''Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts'' and met Engels, a lifelong friend and collaborator. After moving to Brussels in 1845, they were active in the Communist League, and in 1848 wrote ''The Communist Manifesto'', which expresses Marx's ideas and lays out a programme for revolution. Marx was expelled from Belgium and Germany, and in 1849 moved to London, where he wrote ''The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte'' (1852) and . In 1864, Marx helped found the International Workingmen's Association (First International), in which he sought to fight the influence of anarchists led by Mikhail Bakunin. In his ''Critique of the Gotha Programme'' (1875), Marx wrote on revolution, the state and the transition to communism. He died stateless in 1883 and was buried in Highgate Cemetery.
Marx's critiques of history, society and political economy hold that human societies develop through class conflict. In the capitalist mode of production, this manifests itself in the conflict between the ruling classes (known as the bourgeoisie) that control the means of production and the working classes (known as the proletariat) that enable these means by selling their labour power in return for wages. Employing his historical materialist approach, Marx predicted that capitalism produced internal tensions like previous socioeconomic systems and that these tensions would lead to its self-destruction and replacement by a new system known as the socialist mode of production. For Marx, class antagonisms under capitalism—owing in part to its instability and crisis-prone nature—would eventuate the working class's development of class consciousness, leading to their conquest of political power and eventually the establishment of a classless, communist society constituted by a free association of producers. Marx actively pressed for its implementation, arguing that the working class should carry out organised proletarian revolutionary action to topple capitalism and bring about socio-economic emancipation.
Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and his work has been both lauded and criticised. Marxism has exerted major influence on socialist thought and political movements, and during the 20th century revolutionary governments identifying as Marxist took power in many countries and established socialist states including the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. A number of theoretical variants such as Leninism, Marxism–Leninism, Trotskyism, and Maoism have been developed. Marx's work in economics has a strong influence on modern heterodox theories of labour and its relation to capital, and he is typically cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1952Vijayavāḍa : Triliṅga Pabliṣiṅga Kampani, 1952.x, 259 p. ; 18 cm. -
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Published 1998New York, NY : Signic Classic, c1998.94 p. ; 17 cm. -
3by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1985Moskva : Nauka, 1985.518 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. -
4by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1941Puṇẽ : Yaśavanta Gopāḷa Jośī, [1941]1 online resource (xvi, 875 pages) : illustrations.Center for Research Libraries
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5by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1947Kyïv : Ukraïnsʹke vyd-vo politychnoï literatury, 1947.48 p. : facsims. ; 20 cm. -
6by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1941Puṇẽ : Yaśavanta Gopāḷa Jośī, [1941]xvi, 875 pages : illustrations ; 18 cm. -
7### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>[S.l.] : Ibtikār, [19--?]55 p. ; 22 cm.
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8by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1968Moskva, "Nauka," 1968.639 p., 4 l. of facsims. 24 cm. -
9by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1952Vijayavāḍa : Triliṅga Pabliṣiṅga Kampani, 1952.1 online resource (x, 259 p.)Center for Research Libraries
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Published 1935İstanbul : "Kader" Matbaası, 1935.55 p. : ill. ; 16 cm. -
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Published 1975Florence : Mazdak, 1975.21 p. -
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Published 1971Beograd : Institut za međunarodni radnički pokret, 1971.429, [1] pages : portraits ; 21 cm. -
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Published 1897London : S. Sonnenschein, 1897.xv, 656 p., [2] folded leaves of plates : 2 col. maps ; 22 cm. -
14by Marx, Karl, 1818-1883### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1985Moskva : "Nauka", 1985.478 p. ; 25 cm. -
15Published 1844### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Paris : Central-Bureau für Deutschland, [1844-1845]v. ; 31 cm.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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16by Nedeljković, Dušan, 1899-### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1968Beograd, "Naučno delo," 1968.222, [2] p. 19 cm.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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17by Nedeljkovi⣬ Du鳡n### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1968Beograd : "Nau飮o delo, " 1968.222, [2] pages ; 19 cm.Also issued online.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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18### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Beograd, Beogradski izdavačko-grafički zavod; Redakcija "Kultura," [1971]350 p. 20 cm.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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19by Verrijn Stuart, Coenraad Alexander, 1865-### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1890's-Gravenhage : M. Nijhoff, 1890.x, 99, [xii] p. 23 cm.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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20Published 1969### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Delhi, People's Pub. House [1969]1 online resource (vi, 293 p.) ports.Other Authors: “...Marx, Karl, 1818-1883...”
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