Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe,; )}} officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo River, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east. The capital and largest city is Harare, and the second largest is Bulawayo.A country of roughly 16.9 million people as per 2024 estimates, Zimbabwe's largest ethnic group are the Shona, who make up 80% of the population, followed by the Northern Ndebele and other smaller minorities. Zimbabwe has 16 official languages, with English, Shona, and Ndebele the most common. Zimbabwe is a member of the United Nations, the Southern African Development Community, the African Union, and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa.
The region was long inhabited by the San, and was settled by Bantu peoples around 2,000 years ago. Beginning in the 11th century the Shona people constructed the city of Great Zimbabwe, which became one of the major African trade centres by the 13th century. From there, the Kingdom of Zimbabwe was established, followed by the Mutapa and Rozvi empires. The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes demarcated the Rhodesia region in 1890 when they conquered Mashonaland and later in 1893 Matabeleland after the First Matabele War. Company rule ended in 1923 with the establishment of Southern Rhodesia as a self-governing British colony. In 1965, the white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia. The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black rebel forces; this culminated in a peace agreement that established ''de jure'' sovereignty as Zimbabwe in April 1980.
Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980, when his ZANU–PF party won the general election following the end of white minority rule and has remained the country's dominant party since. He was the President of Zimbabwe from 1987, after converting the country's initial parliamentary system into a presidential one, until his resignation in 2017. Under Mugabe's authoritarian regime, the state security apparatus dominated the country and was responsible for widespread human rights violations, which received worldwide condemnation. From 1997 to 2008, the economy experienced consistent decline (and in the latter years, hyperinflation), though it has since seen rapid growth after the use of currencies other than the Zimbabwean dollar was permitted. In 2017, in the wake of over a year of protests against his government as well as Zimbabwe's rapidly declining economy, a coup d'état resulted in Mugabe's resignation. Emmerson Mnangagwa has since served as Zimbabwe's president. Provided by Wikipedia
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2Salisbury : Published by Authority.1 online resource ( volumes)Also issued on microfilm.“...Zimbabwe...”
Center for Research Libraries: Apr 18, 1980-Jun 10, 1994; Feb 27-Aug 18, 1995; Jan 1996-Mar 28, 1997; 2003-2014
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3Published 1980[Salisbury : Govt. Printer, 1980-v. : ill. ; 30 cm.“...Zimbabwe...”
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4Published 1980[Salisbury : Govt. Printer, 1980-v. : ill. ; 30 cm.“...Zimbabwe...”
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5Published 1957Bulawayo, 1957.69, [23] leaves. tables“...Bulawayo (Zimbabwe)...”
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6Published 1977Lusaka, Zambia : [The Union, 1977?-v. : ill. ; 33 cm.“...Zimbabwe African People's Union...”
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7Published 1980Salisbury, Zimbabwe : The Chamber, 1980-1988.v. ; 21-30 cm.“...Chamber of Mines (Zimbabwe)...”
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8Published 1989Harare, Zimbabwe : The Chamber, [1989]-1991.v. : ill. ; 30 cm.“...Chamber of Mines (Zimbabwe)...”
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10Published 1980Salisbury, Zimbabwe? : The Association, 1980-v. : ill. ; 21 cm.“...Zimbabwe Scientific Association...”
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12Salisbury : Zimbabwe People's Publicity Bureau, [19--]-v.“...Zimbabwe People's Publicity Bureau...”
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13Salisbury : Zimbabwe People's Publicity Bureau, [19--]-1 online resource (v.)“...Zimbabwe People's Publicity Bureau...”
Center for Research Libraries: Jan-Jun, Oct 1965; Feb-Mar, Aug-Sep 1966
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14Published 1980[Salisbury?] : Ministry of Justice, 1980-v. ; 21 cm.“...Zimbabwe. High Court. Appellate Division...”
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15Cairo, U.A.R. : Zimbabwe African National Union.volumes.“...Zimbabwe African National Union...”
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16Published 1966London : Anglo-Overseas Pub. Co. for the Zimbabwe African People's Union, 1966-v. : ill.“...Zimbabwe African People's Union...”
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19Lusaka, Zambia : The Union,12 v.“...Zimbabwe African People's Union...”
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20Published 1965Cairo, U.A.R. : Zimbabwe African Peoples Union, 1965-volumes ; 33 cm.“...Zimbabwe African People's Union...”