Tule Lake National Monument
The Tule Lake National Monument in Modoc and Siskiyou counties in California, consists primarily of the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, one of ten concentration camps constructed in 1942 by the United States government to incarcerate Japanese Americans forcibly removed from their homes on the West Coast. They totaled nearly 120,000 people, more than two-thirds of whom were United States citizens. Among the inmates, the notation "" was sometimes applied.After a period of use, this facility was renamed the Tule Lake Segregation Center in 1943, and used as a maximum security, segregation camp to separate and hold those prisoners considered disloyal or disruptive to the operations of other camps. Inmates from other camps were sent here to segregate them from the general population. Draft resisters and others who protested the injustices of the camps, including by their answers on the loyalty questionnaire, were sent here. At its peak, Tule Lake Segregation Center (with 18,700 inmates) was the largest of the ten camps and the most controversial. 29,840 people were held there over the four years it was open.
After the war it became a holding area for Japanese Americans slated for deportation or expatriation to Japan, including some who had renounced US citizenship under duress. Many joined a class action suit because of civil rights abuses; many gained the chance to stay in the United States through court hearings but did not regain their citizenship due to opposition by the Department of Justice. The camp was not closed until March 20, 1946, months after the end of the war. Twenty years later, members of the class action suit gained restoration of US citizenship through court rulings.
California later designated this Tule Lake camp site as a California Historical Landmark and in 2006, it was named a National Historic Landmark. In December 2008, the Tule Lake Unit was designated by President George W. Bush as one of nine sites—the only one in the contiguous 48 states—to be part of the new World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, marking areas of major events during the war. In addition to remains of the concentration camp, this unit includes Tulelake camp, also used during the war; as well as the rock formation known as the Peninsula/Castle Rock. The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act, signed March 12, 2019, split up the three units of the monument, creating a new Tule Lake National Monument. Provided by Wikipedia
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1Newell, Calif. : The Daily Tulean Dispatch, War Relocation Authority.1 online resource (volumes) : illustrations.Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: v.1, no.1-3 (Aug-Oct 1942)
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2Newell, California : Published monthly by The Daily Tulean Dispatch, W.R.A.1 online resource (volumes) : illustrations.Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: v.1, no.4-9 (Nov 1942-Apr 1943); no.11 (Jul 1943)
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3Newell, Calif. : The Daily Tulean Dispatch, War Relocation Authority.volumes : illustrations.“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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4Published 1942[Newell, Calif. : War Relocation Authority], 1942-1943.1 online resource (2 v.)Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: Jul 17, 1942-Mar 6, 1943
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5Published 1943Newell, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1943-v.Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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6Newell, Calif. : Daily Tulean Dispatch, W.R.A., Office of Publication.v. : ill. ; 22 cm.“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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7Published 1944Newell, Calif. : War Relocation Authority, 1944-1946.3 v.Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service.“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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8Published 1943Newell, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1943.1 online resource (3 v.)Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: Mar 8-Sep 11, 1943
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9Published 1943Newell, Calif. : Tulean Dispatch, War Relocation Authority, [1943]109 p. : ill.“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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10Published 1943Newell, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1943.3 v.Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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11Published 1942Tule Lake, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1942.1 online resource (1 v.)Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: Jun 15-Jul 15, 1942
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12Published 1944Newell, Calif. : War Relocation Authority, 1944-1946.1 online resource (3 v.)Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service.“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: Mar 9, 1944-Feb 15, 1946
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13Published 1943Newell, California : Published by the Tulean Dispatch, War Relocation Authority, [1943]1 online resource (109 pages) : illustrations.Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries
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14Published 1943Newell, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1943-1 online resource (v.)Also available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
Center for Research Libraries: Sep 14-Oct 1934
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15Published 1942Tule Lake, Calif. : [War Relocation Authority], 1942.1 v.Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”
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16Published 1942[Newell, Calif. : War Relocation Authority], 1942-1943.2 v.Available on microfilm from the Library of Congress, Photoduplication Service (Japanese camp papers)“...Tule Lake Relocation Center...”