Niccolò Machiavelli
![Portrait by [[Santi di Tito]], {{circa|1550–1600}}](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg)
For many years he served as a senior official in the Florentine Republic with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs. He wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is also important to historians and scholars of Italian correspondence. He worked as secretary to the second chancery of the Republic of Florence from 1498 to 1512, when the Medici were out of power.
After his death Machiavelli's name came to evoke unscrupulous acts of the sort he advised most famously in his work, ''The Prince''. He concerned himself with the ways a ruler could survive in politics, and knew those who flourished engaged in deception, treachery, and crime. He advised rulers to engage in evil when political necessity requires it, at one point stating that successful founders and reformers of governments should be excused for killing other leaders who would oppose them. Machiavelli's ''Prince'' has been surrounded by controversy since it was published. Some consider it to be a straightforward description of political reality. Many view ''The Prince'' as a manual, teaching would-be tyrants how they should seize and maintain power. Even into recent times, some scholars, such as Leo Strauss, have restated the traditional opinion that Machiavelli was a "teacher of evil".
Even though Machiavelli has become most famous for his work on principalities, scholars also give attention to the exhortations in his other works of political philosophy. While less popular than ''The Prince'', the ''Discourses on Livy'' (composed ) has been said to have paved the way for modern republicanism. His works were a major influence on Enlightenment authors who revived interest in classical republicanism, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and James Harrington. Machiavelli's political realism has continued to influence generations of academics and politicians, and his approach has been compared to the ''Realpolitik'' of figures such as Otto von Bismarck. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1852Firenze, F. Le Monnier, 1852.xviii, 652 p. 18 cm. -
2by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1817Wien, Mich. Lehner, 1817.2 v. -
3### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Firenze, [n. d.]22 p. 22 cm.
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4by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1891Boston, New York, Houghton, Mifflin and co., 1891.4 v. fronts. (ports., v. 1-3) 24 cm. -
5by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1971Torino, Giulio Einaudi, 1971.82 p. 18 cm. -
6by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1923Firenze, 1923.337 p., 20 cm. -
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Published 1640London : Printed by R. Bishop, for Wil : Hils, and are to be sold by Daniel Pakeman, 1640.[12], 305, [7] p. -
8by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1965Milano, Feltrinelli Editore [1965]xxiii, 391 p. -
9by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1972Milano, Carlo Signorelli, 1972.126 p. 15 cm. -
10by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1599Montisbelgardi, : [s.n.], M D XCIC. [1599][8], 210, [26], 326, [2] p. -
11by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1891London, New York [etc] 1891.443 p. 22 cm. -
12by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1968Milano, Fratelli Fabbri editori [1968]267 p. 18 cm. -
13by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1630Venetia, Presso Marco Ginammi, 1630.6 p.l., 399, [1] p. 23 cm. -
14by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1577Paris : chez G. de la Noue, 1577.[44], 294, [1] p. -
15by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1894Firenze, G. C. Sansoni, 1894.xxix, 372 p., 1 ̋. 20 cm. -
16by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1898London, G. Bell & sons, 1898.xx, 522 p. front (port.) 19 cm. -
17by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1906Firenze, Casa editrice Nerbini, 1906.47 p. 20 cm. -
18by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1872Firenze, G. Barbèra, 1872.xvi, 341 p., 1 ̋. 19 cm. -
19### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>A Paris, Chez Tovssainet Qvinet, M.DC.XXXV.6 p.l., 349, [15]; 243, [6]; 98, [2] p. 8 fold. plans. 24 cm.
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20by Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1924Torino [etc.] G. B. Paravia & c. [1924]xxx p., 1 ̋., 469 p., 1 ̋. front., plates, ports. 20 cm.