Lithuania
Lithuania, ; }} officially the Republic of Lithuania, }} is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. and Eurovoc (which additionally classifies Lithuania as central and eastern European country), among others, classify it as northern Europe. The European Commission, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Columbia Encyclopedia place Lithuania in central Europe. The CIA World Factbook classifies it as eastern Europe, and ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' locates it in northeastern Europe. Usage varies greatly, and controversially, in press sources.}} It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Lithuania covers an area of , with a population of 2.89 million. Its capital and largest city is Vilnius; other major cities include Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai and Panevėžys. Lithuanians who are the titular nation and form the majority of the country's population, belong to the ethnolinguistic group of Balts and speak Lithuanian.For millennia, the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, Lithuanian lands were united for the first time by Mindaugas, who formed the Kingdom of Lithuania on 6 July 1253. Subsequent expansion and consolidation resulted in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which by the 14th century was the largest country in Europe. In 1386, the Grand Duchy entered into a ''de facto'' personal union with the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. The two realms were united into the bi-confederal Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569, forming one of the largest and most prosperous states in Europe. The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries, until neighbouring countries gradually dismantled it between 1772 and 1795, with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory.
Towards the end of World War I, Lithuania declared independence in 1918, founding the modern Republic of Lithuania. In World War II, Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union, then by Nazi Germany, before being reoccupied by the Soviets in 1944. Lithuanian armed resistance to the Soviet occupation lasted until the early 1950s. On 11 March 1990, a year before the formal dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuania became the first Soviet republic to break away when it proclaimed the restoration of its independence.
Lithuania is a developed country with a high income and an advanced economy ranking very high in Human Development Index. Lithuania ranks highly in digital infrastructure, press freedom and happiness. Lithuania is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, the Council of Europe, the Council of the Baltic Sea States, the Eurozone, the Nordic Investment Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Schengen Agreement, NATO, OECD and the World Trade Organization. It also participates in the Nordic-Baltic Eight (NB8) regional co-operation format. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by S︠i︡emashko, Iosif, Metropolitan of Lithuania, 1798-1868
Published 1883Sanktpeterburg : Tip. Imp. akadem̄ii nauk, 1883.3 v. : ill., ports. ; 25 cm. -
2Published 1917︠I︡Urʹev [Tartu] : Tip. K. Mattisena, 1917.xxx, 395 p.“...Lithuania...”
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3Published 1883S.-Peterburg : R. Golike, 1883.112 p.“...Lithuania...”
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4Published 1959Vilnius : [s.n.], 1959.222 p.“...Lithuania. Teisingumo ministerija...”
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5Washington, D.C. : Lithuanian Legationvolumes ; 33 cm“...Lithuania. Legation (U.S.)...”
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6Published 1923Kaunas : Lietuvos Valstybės Spaustuvė, 1923.113 p.“...Lietuvos universitetas (Kaunas, Lithuania)...”
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7Published 1968Vilʹn︠i︡us : Gazetno-zhurnalʹnoe obʺedinenie "Periodika", 1968.428 p. ; 21 cm.“...Konferen︠t︡si︠i︡a geologov Pribaltiki i Belorussii Vilnius, Lithuania...”
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8Published 1888Vilʹna : V tip. Gubernskago pravlenī︠i︡a, 1888.xliii, 552 p.“...Lithuania. Glavnyĭ Litovskiĭ tribunal...”
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9Published 1927Kaunas : Valstybės spaustuvė, 1927.370 p. : ill., ports.“...Lietuvos universitetas (Kaunas, Lithuania)...”
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10Published 1925Kaunas : [s. n.], 1925-1930.p. 1484-1486, 1612-1613, 1609-1611, 2868-2870, 948-950.“...Lithuania. Centrinis Valstybės Archyvas...”
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11Published 1867Vilʹna : V tip. Gubernskago pravlenī︠i︡a, 1867.1 v.“...Vilnius (Lithuania). Arkheograficheska︠i︡a kommissī︠i︡a...”
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12Published 1924Kaunas, 1924-ill. 24 cm.“...Lietuvos universitetas (Kaunas, Lithuania)...”
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13Published 1964Vilʹn︠i︡us, Statistika, 1964.207 p. ; 23 cm.“...Lithuania. Centrinė statistikos valdyba...”
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14Published 1940Kaunas : Lietuvos TSR Aukščiausioji Tarybos Prezidiumas, [1940-v.“...Lithuania. Aukščiausioji Taryba. Prezidiumas...”
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15Published 1980Vilnius : Mokslas, 1980-1990.11 v. : ill. ; 21 cm.“...Lithuania. Aukštojo ir specialiojo vidurinio mokslo ministerija...”
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16Published 1987Vilnius : "Mokslas", 1987-v. : ill. ; 22 cm.“...Lithuania. Aukštojo ir specialiojo vidurinio mokslo ministerija...”
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17Vilnius : LKP CK leidykla,v. : ill.“...Lithuania. Aukščiausioji Taryba...”
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18Published 1987Vilnius : "Mintis", 1987-v. : ill. ; 22 cm.“...Lithuania. Aukštojo ir specialiojo vidurinio mokslo ministerija...”
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19by Kuzma, V.
Published 18321832.v, 199 p. plates (part col.) 24 cm.“...Vytauto Didžiojo universitetas (Kaunas, Lithuania)...”
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20Teplootdacha i gidrodinamika v gazookhlazhdaemykh sterzhnevykh teplovydel︠i︡a︠i︡ushchikh sborkakh : monografi︠i︡aТеплоотдача и гидродинамика в газоохлаждаемых стержневых тепловыделяющих сборках : монография /by Cesna, B.
Published 2003Kaunas : Litovskiĭ ėnergeticheskiĭ in-t, 2003.231 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.“...Lietuvos Energetikos institutas (Kaunas, Lithuania)...”