South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA or R.S.A.), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini. It also completely enclaves Lesotho. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World, and the second-most populous country located entirely south of the equator, after Tanzania. South Africa is a biodiversity hotspot, with unique biomes, plant and animal life. With over 62 million people, the country is the world's 23rd-most populous nation and covers an area of . Pretoria is the administrative capital, while Cape Town, as the seat of Parliament, is the legislative capital. Bloemfontein has traditionally been regarded as the judicial capital. The Constitutional Court, the country's highest court, is located in Johannesburg.About 80% of the population are Black South Africans. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (White South Africans), Asian (Indian South Africans and Chinese South Africans), and multiracial (Coloured South Africans) ancestry. South Africa is a multiethnic society encompassing a wide variety of cultures, languages, and religions. Its pluralistic makeup is reflected in the constitution's recognition of 12 official languages, the fourth-highest number in the world. According to the 2011 census, the two most spoken first languages are Zulu (22.7%) and Xhosa (16.0%). The next two are of European origin: Afrikaans (13.5%) developed from Dutch and serves as the first language of most Coloured and White South Africans; English (9.6%) is commonly used in public and commercial life, both reflecting the legacy of Dutch and British colonialism, respectively.
Regular elections have been held for almost a century in the country. However, the vast majority of Black South Africans were not enfranchised until 1994. During the 20th century, the black majority sought to claim more rights from the dominant white minority, which played a large role in the country's recent history and politics. The National Party imposed apartheid in 1948, institutionalising previous racial segregation. After a largely non-violent struggle by the African National Congress and other anti-apartheid activists both inside and outside the country, the repeal of discriminatory laws began in the mid-1980s. Since 1994, all ethnic and linguistic groups have held political representation in the country's liberal democracy, which comprises a parliamentary republic and nine provinces. South Africa is often referred to as the "rainbow nation" to describe the country's multicultural diversity, especially in the wake of apartheid. According to the 2023 V-Dem Democracy indices, South Africa is ranked the 51st electoral democracy worldwide and the 3rd electoral democracy in Africa.
South Africa is a middle power (regional superpower) in international affairs; it maintains significant regional influence and is a member of both the Commonwealth of Nations and the G20. It is a developing country, ranking 109th on the Human Development Index, the 7th highest on the continent. South Africa is the only African nation to legislate same-sex marriage. It has been classified by the World Bank as a newly industrialised country and has the third-largest economy and the most industrialised, technologically advanced economy in Africa overall, as well as the 41st-largest economy in the world. South Africa has the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa. Since the end of apartheid, government accountability and quality of life have substantially improved. However, crime, poverty, and inequality remain widespread, with about 40% of the total population being unemployed , while some 60% of the population lived below the poverty line and a quarter lived below $2.15 a day. Having the highest Gini coefficient of 63.0, South Africa is considered to be one of, if not the most, unequal countries in the world. Provided by Wikipedia
-
21Cape Town, Prime Minister's Office.3 v.“...South Africa...”
-
22Pretoria, Cape Town.22 v. ill.“...South Africa...”
-
23
-
24by Steinberg, Kurt
Published 1955Frankfurt am Main, A. Metzner, 1955.120 pages 21 cm.“...South Africa...”
-
25Published 1923Cape Town : Prime Minister's Office, 1923.5 p. : ill.“...South Africa...”
-
26Published 1910Pretoria : Published by Authority, 1910-1961.204 v. ; 38 cm.“...South Africa...”
-
27Published 1910Pretoria : Published by Authority, 1910-1961.1 online resource (204 volumes)“...South Africa...”
Center for Research Libraries: v.59, no.1442-v.62, no.1523 (1925)
Online Resource -
28Published 1960Pretoria : Government Printing and Stationery Office, 1911-[1960?]1 online resource (volumes)Online version of the print publication.“...South Africa...”
Center for Research Libraries
Online Resource -
29Published 1961Pretoria : Government Printer, [1961?-]1 online resource (volumes)“...South Africa...”
Center for Research Libraries
Online Resource -
30Published 1961Pretoria : Government Printer, 1961-1 online resource ( volumes)“...South Africa...”
Center for Research Libraries
Online Resource -
31Published 1920Pretoria : Govt. Printer, 1920.6, 6 p. ; 25 cm.“...South Africa. Dept. of Health...”
-
32Published 1978[Pretoria : Dept. of Health, 1978]ii, 51 p. ; 30 cm.“...South Africa. Dept. of Health...”
-
33Published 1977Pretoria : Government Printer, [1977?]52 p. ; 30 cm.“...South Africa. Dept. of Health...”
-
34
-
35
-
36
-
37by Dirkschen van Schalkwyk, Maria Catharina
Published 19981998.4 microfiches.“...University of South Africa...”
-
38
-
39
-
40by Gous, Ignatius Gert Petrus
Published 19881988.5 microfiches.“...University of South Africa...”