Prussia

Situation after the conquest in the late 13th century. Areas in purple under control of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. Prussia (, , ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'') was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions. It formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany.

The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians; in the 13th century, the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval military order of German crusadersconquered the lands inhabited by them. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights conquered the region of Pomerelia with Danzig. Their monastic state was mostly Germanised through immigration from central and western Germany, and, in the south, it was Polonised by settlers from Masovia. The imposed Second Peace of Thorn (1466) split Prussia into the western Royal Prussia, becoming a province of Poland, and the eastern part, called the Duchy of Prussia from 1525, a feudal fief of the Crown of Poland up to 1657. The union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.

Prussia entered the ranks of the great powers shortly after becoming a kingdom. It became increasingly large and powerful in the 18th and 19th centuries. It had a major voice in European affairs under the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–1786). At the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which redrew the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, Prussia acquired rich new territories, including the coal-rich Ruhr. The country then grew rapidly in influence economically and politically, and became the core of the North German Confederation in 1867, and then of the German Empire in 1871. The Kingdom of Prussia was now so large and so dominant in the new Germany that and other Prussian élites identified more and more as Germans and less as Prussians.

The Kingdom ended in 1918 along with other German monarchies that were terminated by the German Revolution. In the Weimar Republic, the Free State of Prussia lost nearly all of its legal and political importance following the 1932 coup led by Franz von Papen. Subsequently, it was effectively dismantled into Nazi German ''Gaue'' in 1935. Nevertheless, some Prussian ministries were kept and Hermann Göring remained in his role as Minister President of Prussia until the end of World War II. Former eastern territories of Germany that made up a significant part of Prussia lost the majority of their German population after 1945 as the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union both absorbed these territories and had most of its German inhabitants expelled by 1950. Prussia, deemed "a bearer of militarism and reaction" by the Allies, was officially abolished by an Allied declaration in 1947. The international status of the former eastern territories of the Kingdom of Prussia was disputed until the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in 1990, but its return to Germany remains a cause among far-right politicians, the Federation of Expellees and various political revanchists and irredentists.

The terms "Prussian" and "Prussianism" have often been used, especially outside Germany, to denote the militarism, military professionalism, aggressiveness, and conservatism of the class of landed aristocrats in the East who dominated first Prussia and then the German Empire. Provided by Wikipedia
Showing 121 - 140 results of 311 for search 'Prussia (Germany)', query time: 0.03s Refine Results
  1. 121
    Published 1865
    Berlin : Verlag der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei (R. v. Decker), 1865.
    1 online resource (iv, 56 pages)
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  2. 122
    by Landrath
    Published 1873
    Berlin : Verlag von Puttkammer & Mühlbrecht, 1873.
    1 online resource (50 pages)
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  3. 123
    Published 1894
    Trier : Verlag der Fr. Lintz'schen Buchhandlung, 1894.
    1 online resource (64 pages)
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  4. 124
    Published 1899
    Berlin : Carl Heymann's Verlag, 1899.
    1 online resource (404 pages)
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  5. 125
    Published 1899
    Berlin : J. Guttentag, Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1899.
    1 online resource (157 pages)
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  6. 126
    by Arndt, Adolf, 1849-
    Published 1900
    Berlin : J. Guttentag Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1900.
    1 online resource (x, 321, 31 pages)
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  7. 127
    Published 1900
    Berlin : Verlag von Albert Nauck & Co., 1900.
    1 online resource (35 pages)
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  8. 128
    Published 1880
    Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag Marquardt & Schenck, 1880.
    1 online resource (250 pages)
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  9. 129
    Published 1892
    Berlin : Siemenroth & Worms, 1892.
    1 online resource (vi, 113 pages)
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  10. 130
    Published 1876
    Brandenburg : Verlag von Adolph Müller, 1876.
    1 online resource (68 pages)
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  11. 131
    Published 1896
    Mülheim a. d. Ruhr : druck und verlag von Julius Bagel, 1896.
    1 online resource (xxiv, 92 pages)
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  12. 132
    Published 1891
    Berlin : Carl Heymann's Verlag, 1891.
    1 online resource (viii, 170 pages)
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  13. 133
    Published 1894
    Berlin : J. Guttentag Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1894.
    1 online resource (620 pages)
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  14. 134
    by Walter, Heinrich (Lawyer)
    Published 1896
    Berlin : Siemenroth & Troschel, 1896.
    1 online resource (viii, 58 pages) : tables.
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  15. 135
    Published 1900
    Berlin : Verlag von H.W. Müller, 1900.
    1 online resource (vii, 207 pages)
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  16. 136
    Published 1888
    Breslau : Verlag von Wilhelm Koebner, 1888.
    1 online resource (vi, 177 pages)
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  17. 137
    Published 1895
    Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag G. Schenck, 1895.
    1 online resource (3 unnumbered, 121 pages) : tables.
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  18. 138
    Published 1885
    Breslau : J.U. Kern's Verlag (Max Müller), 1885.
    1 online resource (31 pages)
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  19. 139
    Published 1888
    Berlin : Verlag von Paul Parey, 1888.
    1 online resource (189 pages, 12 plates) : illustrations.
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  20. 140
    Published 1892
    Essen : Druck und Verlag von G.D. Bädeker, 1892.
    1 online resource (viii, 104 pages)
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