Prussia
Prussia (, , ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'') was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions. It formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany.The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians; in the 13th century, the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval military order of German crusadersconquered the lands inhabited by them. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights conquered the region of Pomerelia with Danzig. Their monastic state was mostly Germanised through immigration from central and western Germany, and, in the south, it was Polonised by settlers from Masovia. The imposed Second Peace of Thorn (1466) split Prussia into the western Royal Prussia, becoming a province of Poland, and the eastern part, called the Duchy of Prussia from 1525, a feudal fief of the Crown of Poland up to 1657. The union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.
Prussia entered the ranks of the great powers shortly after becoming a kingdom. It became increasingly large and powerful in the 18th and 19th centuries. It had a major voice in European affairs under the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–1786). At the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which redrew the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, Prussia acquired rich new territories, including the coal-rich Ruhr. The country then grew rapidly in influence economically and politically, and became the core of the North German Confederation in 1867, and then of the German Empire in 1871. The Kingdom of Prussia was now so large and so dominant in the new Germany that and other Prussian élites identified more and more as Germans and less as Prussians.
The Kingdom ended in 1918 along with other German monarchies that were terminated by the German Revolution. In the Weimar Republic, the Free State of Prussia lost nearly all of its legal and political importance following the 1932 coup led by Franz von Papen. Subsequently, it was effectively dismantled into Nazi German ''Gaue'' in 1935. Nevertheless, some Prussian ministries were kept and Hermann Göring remained in his role as Minister President of Prussia until the end of World War II. Former eastern territories of Germany that made up a significant part of Prussia lost the majority of their German population after 1945 as the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union both absorbed these territories and had most of its German inhabitants expelled by 1950. Prussia, deemed "a bearer of militarism and reaction" by the Allies, was officially abolished by an Allied declaration in 1947. The international status of the former eastern territories of the Kingdom of Prussia was disputed until the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in 1990, but its return to Germany remains a cause among far-right politicians, the Federation of Expellees and various political revanchists and irredentists.
The terms "Prussian" and "Prussianism" have often been used, especially outside Germany, to denote the militarism, military professionalism, aggressiveness, and conservatism of the class of landed aristocrats in the East who dominated first Prussia and then the German Empire. Provided by Wikipedia
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101Published 1873### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Frankfurt a.O. : Im Selbstverlage des Verfassers, 1873.1 online resource (108 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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102Published 1894### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : J. Guttentag, Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1894.1 online resource (vii, 599 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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103Published 1881### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : Verlag von R. Eisenschmidt, 1881.1 online resource (156 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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104Published 1885### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Hagen i.W. : Druck und Verlag von Herm. Risel & Cie., 1885.1 online resource (x, 207 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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105Published 1896### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Schleswig : Julius Bergas Verlag und Druckerei, 1896.1 online resource (32 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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106Published 1890### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Landsberg a. W. : Verlag von Volger & Klein, 1890.1 online resource (29 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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107Published 1895### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Breslau : Selbstverlag des Herausgebers, 1895.1 online resource (iv, 170 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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108Published 1891### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : J.J. Heine's Verlag, 1891.1 online resource (76 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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109Published 1900### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : R. von Decker's Verlag (G. Schenck), 1900.1 online resource (vi, 96 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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110Published 1897### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : J.J. Heines Verlag, 1897.1 online resource (xii, 346 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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111Published 1891### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : verlag von Franz Vahlen, 1891.1 online resource (iv, 36 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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112Published 1900### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Hannover ; Berlin : Verlag von Carl Meyer (Gustav Prior), 1900.1 online resource (151 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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113by Schneiderreit, Albert### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1878Berlin : Julius Bohne, 1878.1 online resource (16 pages) : chiefly tables.“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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114Published 1899### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : J. Guttentag, Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1899.1 online resource (xv, 288 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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115by Brinck, J.### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>
Published 1895Köln : Verlag der J.G. Schmitz'schen Buch- und Kunsthandlung (F. Sohn & J.F. Lavé), [1895]1 online resource (xii, 103, 16 pages) : tables.“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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116Published 1891### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : verlag von Wilhelm Issleib (Gustav Schuhr), [1891]1 online resource (132 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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117Published 1881### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : Verlag von H.W. Müller, 1881.1 online resource (iv, 3 unnumbered pages, 170 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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118Published 1880### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : Verlag von Franz Vahlen, 1880.1 online resource (vii, 331 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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119Published 1820### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : Gedruckt in der Deckerschen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, 1820.1 online resource (4 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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120Published 1875### CRL customization ### ?> ### Add publisher and desc details ### ?>Berlin : Verlag der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei (R.v. Decker), 1875.1 online resource (iv, 87 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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