Prussia
Prussia (, , ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'') was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions. It formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany.The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians; in the 13th century, the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval military order of German crusadersconquered the lands inhabited by them. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights conquered the region of Pomerelia with Danzig. Their monastic state was mostly Germanised through immigration from central and western Germany, and, in the south, it was Polonised by settlers from Masovia. The imposed Second Peace of Thorn (1466) split Prussia into the western Royal Prussia, becoming a province of Poland, and the eastern part, called the Duchy of Prussia from 1525, a feudal fief of the Crown of Poland up to 1657. The union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.
Prussia entered the ranks of the great powers shortly after becoming a kingdom. It became increasingly large and powerful in the 18th and 19th centuries. It had a major voice in European affairs under the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–1786). At the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which redrew the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, Prussia acquired rich new territories, including the coal-rich Ruhr. The country then grew rapidly in influence economically and politically, and became the core of the North German Confederation in 1867, and then of the German Empire in 1871. The Kingdom of Prussia was now so large and so dominant in the new Germany that and other Prussian élites identified more and more as Germans and less as Prussians.
The Kingdom ended in 1918 along with other German monarchies that were terminated by the German Revolution. In the Weimar Republic, the Free State of Prussia lost nearly all of its legal and political importance following the 1932 coup led by Franz von Papen. Subsequently, it was effectively dismantled into Nazi German ''Gaue'' in 1935. Nevertheless, some Prussian ministries were kept and Hermann Göring remained in his role as Minister President of Prussia until the end of World War II. Former eastern territories of Germany that made up a significant part of Prussia lost the majority of their German population after 1945 as the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union both absorbed these territories and had most of its German inhabitants expelled by 1950. Prussia, deemed "a bearer of militarism and reaction" by the Allies, was officially abolished by an Allied declaration in 1947. The international status of the former eastern territories of the Kingdom of Prussia was disputed until the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in 1990, but its return to Germany remains a cause among far-right politicians, the Federation of Expellees and various political revanchists and irredentists.
The terms "Prussian" and "Prussianism" have often been used, especially outside Germany, to denote the militarism, military professionalism, aggressiveness, and conservatism of the class of landed aristocrats in the East who dominated first Prussia and then the German Empire. Provided by Wikipedia
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181Published 1898Gumbinnen : Verlag von C. Sterzel's Buchhandlung (Gebr. Reimer), 1898.1 online resource (48 pages) : illustrations.“...East Prussia (Germany)...”
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182Published 1883Berlin : Verlag von Franz Vahlen, 1883.1 online resource (87 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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183Published 1896Hannover ; Berlin : Verlag von Carl Meyer (Gustav Prior), 1896.1 online resource (viii, 135 pages)“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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184Published 1890Berlin : Verlag von Albert Stand & Co. Nauck, [1890]1 online resource (24 pages) : forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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185Published 1899Berlin : R. v. Decker's Verlag G. Schenck, Königlicher Buchhändler, 1899.1 online resource (101 pages) : tables.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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186Published 1883Berlin : R. v. Decker's Verlag (Marquardt & Schenk), 1883.1 online resource (24 pages) : forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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187Published 1894Trier : Verlag von Heinr. Stephanus, 1894.1 online resource (vii, 170 pages)“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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188Published 1899Berlin : Carl Heymanns Verlag, 1899.1 online resource (108, 1 unnumbered pages)“...Prussia (Germany). Landtag...”
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189Published 1881Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag, 1881.1 online resource (2 unnumbered, 146 pages) : charts, forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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190Published 1895Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag G. Schenck, 1895.1 online resource (34 pages) : charts, forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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191Published 1890[Berlin] : [publisher not identified], [1890?]1 online resource (19 pages) : tables, forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Staatsministerium...”
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192Published 1899Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag, 1899.1 online resource (51 pages) : forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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193by Knuchel, E.
Published 1897Mohrungen : C. L. Rautenberg's Buchdruckerei (A. Richter), [1897?]1 online resource (59 pages) : tables, forms.“...Prussia (Germany)...”
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195Published 1873Berlin : Verlag der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei (R. v. Decker), 1873.1 online resource (vi, 104 pages) : forms.“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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196Published 1900Berlin : R.v. Decker's Verlag (G. Schenck), 1900.1 online resource (83 pages)“...Prussia (Germany). Justizministerium...”
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1971 online resource (8 pages)“...Prussia (Germany). Staatsministerium...”
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198Published 1897Berlin : Carl Heymann's Verlag, 1897.1 online resource (8 pages)“...Prussia (Germany). Staatsministerium...”
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199Strassburg, M. Schauenburg, [n.d.][218] p. 14 x10 cm.“...Prussia (Germany). Polizeipräsidium in Berlin...”
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200Published 1875Berlin : gedruckt in der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei (R. v. Decker), [1875]1 online resource (16 pages) : chiefly forms and tables.“...Prussia (Germany). Finanz-Ministerium...”
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