Prussia

Situation after the conquest in the late 13th century. Areas in purple under control of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. Prussia (, ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija, Prūsa'') was a German state centred on the North European Plain that originated out of the State of the Teutonic Order. It formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany.

The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians; in the 13th century, the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval military order of German crusadersconquered the lands inhabited by them. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights conquered the region of Pomerelia with Danzig. Their monastic state was mostly Germanised through immigration from central and western Germany, and, in the south, it was Polonised by settlers from Masovia. The imposed Second Peace of Thorn (1466) split Prussia into the western Royal Prussia, becoming a province of Poland, and the eastern part, called the Duchy of Prussia from 1525, a feudal fief of the Crown of Poland up to 1657. The union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.

Prussia entered the ranks of the great powers shortly after becoming a kingdom. It became increasingly large and powerful in the 18th and 19th centuries. It had a major voice in European affairs under the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–1786). At the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which redrew the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, Prussia acquired rich new territories, including the coal-rich Ruhr. The country then grew rapidly in influence economically and politically, and became the core of the North German Confederation in 1867, and then of the German Empire in 1871. The Kingdom of Prussia was now so large and so dominant in the new Germany that and other Prussian élites identified more and more as Germans and less as Prussians.

The Kingdom ended in 1918 along with other German monarchies that were terminated by the German Revolution. In the Weimar Republic, the Free State of Prussia lost nearly all of its legal and political importance following the 1932 coup led by Franz von Papen. Subsequently, it was effectively dismantled into Nazi German ''Gaue'' in 1935. Nevertheless, some Prussian ministries were kept and Hermann Göring remained in his role as Minister President of Prussia until the end of World War II. Former eastern territories of Germany that made up a significant part of Prussia lost the majority of their German population after 1945 as the Polish People's Republic and the Soviet Union both absorbed these territories and had most of its German inhabitants expelled by 1950. Prussia, deemed "a bearer of militarism and reaction" by the Allies, was officially abolished by an Allied declaration in 1947. The international status of the former eastern territories of the Kingdom of Prussia was disputed until the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in 1990, but its return to Germany remains a cause among far-right politicians, the Federation of Expellees and various political revanchists and irredentists.

The terms "Prussian" and "Prussianism" have often been used, especially outside Germany, to denote the militarism, military professionalism, aggressiveness, and conservatism of the class of landed aristocrats in the East who dominated first Prussia and then the German Empire. Provided by Wikipedia
Showing 261 - 280 results of 311 for search 'Prussia (Germany)', query time: 0.08s Refine Results
  1. 261
    1 online resource (4 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Königliches Oberbergamt zu Bonn...”
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  2. 262
    by Benkwitz, G. (Gustav), 1843-
    Published 1892
    Berlin : Verlag von Julius Springer, 1892.
    1 online resource (vii, 120 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium der Öffentlichen Arbeiten...”
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  3. 263
    Published 1904
    Berlin : P. Stankiewicz, 1904.
    219 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium der Öffentlichen Arbeiten...”
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  4. 264
    Published 1894
    Bonn : Universitäts-Buchdruckerei von Carl Georgi, 1894.
    1 online resource (22 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Königliches Oberbergamt zu Bonn...”
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  5. 265
    Published 1878
    Berlin : Carl Heymann's Verlag, 1878.
    1 online resource (39 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Landtag...”
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  6. 266
    Published 1903
    Berlin : Deckers Verlag, 1903.
    vi, 374 p.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Handel und Gewerbe...”
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  7. 267
    Published 1893
    Berlin-Charlottenburg : Verlag von Fr. Kortkampf, [1893]
    1 online resource (9 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Handel und Gewerbe...”
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  8. 268
    Published 1877
    Berlin : Verlag der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei (R.v. Decker), 1877.
    1 online resource (40 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  9. 269
    Published 1900
    Berlin : Carl Heymanns Verlag, 1900.
    1 online resource (32 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Handel und Gewerbe...”
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  10. 270
    Published 1893
    Frankfurt a. O. : Trowitzsch, [1893]
    1 online resource (39 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  11. 271
    Published 1854
    Berlin : Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, 1854.
    1 online resource (208 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  12. 272
    Published 1882
    Berlin : Carl Heymanns Verlag, 1882.
    1 online resource (x, 338 pages)
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  13. 273
    Published 1859
    Münster : Schnellpressendruck von E.C. Brunn, [1859]
    1 online resource (45 pages) : forms.
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  14. 274
    Published 1912
    Halle a. d. S. : Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, 1912.
    24 p.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung...”
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  15. 275
    Published 1924
    Berlin : Weidmann, 1924.
    59 p.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung...”
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  16. 276
    Published 1930
    Leipzig : Quelle & Meyer, [1930?]
    vii, 141 p.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung...”
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  17. 277
    Published 1906
    Berlin, E.S. Mittler, 1906-7.
    1 online resource (2 volumes) illustrations, maps.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Armee. Grosser Generalstab. Kriegsgeschichtliche Abtheilung I....”
    Center for Research Libraries
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  18. 278
    Published 1904
    London, J. Murray, 1904, t. p. 1905.
    xi, 280 pages illustrations, folded plans 23 cm.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Armee. Grosser Generalstab. Kriegsgeschichtliche Abteilung II...”
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  19. 279
    Published 1886
    Berlin : Verlag von Paul Parey, 1886.
    1 online resource (80 pages, 11 plates) : illustrations.
    “...Prussia (Germany)...”
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  20. 280
    Published 1910
    Langensalza : Beyer, 1910.
    68 p.
    “...Prussia (Germany). Ministerium der Geistlichen, Unterrichts- und Medizinal-Angelegenheiten...”
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