Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the United States, with a population of 1,603,797 in the 2020 census. The city is the urban core of the larger Delaware Valley, also known as the Philadelphia metropolitan area, the nation's eighth-largest metropolitan area and seventh-largest combined statistical area with 6.245 million residents and 7.366 million residents, respectively.Philadelphia was founded in 1682 by William Penn, an English Quaker and advocate of religious freedom, and served as the capital of the colonial era Province of Pennsylvania. It then played a historic and vital role during the American Revolution and Revolutionary War. It served as the central meeting place for the nation's Founding Fathers, hosted the First Continental Congress (1774) and the Second Continental Congress, during which the Founders formed the Continental Army, elected George Washington as its commander, and adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. During the Revolutionary War's Philadelphia campaign, the city briefly fell to the British Army, which occupied Philadelphia for nine months from September 1777 to June 1778.
In 1787, following the end of the Revolutionary War and establishment of independence, the U.S. Constitution was ratified in Philadelphia at the Philadelphia Convention. Philadelphia remained the nation's largest city until 1790, and it served as the nation's first capital from May 10, 1775, until December 12, 1776, and on four subsequent occasions until 1800, when construction of the new national capital in Washington, D.C. was completed.
Philadelphia maintains extensive contemporary influence in business and industry, culture, sports, and music. With 17 four-year universities and colleges in the city, Philadelphia is one of the nation's leading centers for higher education and academic research. The city is a national cultural center, hosting more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other city in the nation. Fairmount Park, when combined with adjacent Wissahickon Valley Park in the same watershed, is , representing one of the nation's largest and the world's 55th-largest urban park. Philadelphia is known for its arts, culture, cuisine, and colonial and Revolutionary-era history; in 2016, it attracted 42 million domestic tourists who spent $6.8 billion, representing $11 billion in economic impact to the city and its surrounding Pennsylvania counties. With five professional sports teams and one of the nation's most loyal and passionate fan bases, Philadelphia is often ranked as the nation's best city for professional sports fans. The city has a culturally and philanthropically active LGBTQ+ community. Philadelphia also has played an immensely influential historic and ongoing role in the development and evolution of American music, especially R&B, soul, and rock.
, the Philadelphia metropolitan area had a gross metropolitan product of US$557.6 billion and is home to 13 ''Fortune'' 500 corporate headquarters. Metropolitan Philadelphia ranks as one of the nation's Big Five venture capital hubs, facilitated by its geographic proximity to both the entrepreneurial and financial ecosystems of New York City and the federal regulatory environment of Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Philadelphia is also a biotechnology hub. The Philadelphia Stock Exchange, owned by Nasdaq since 2008, is the nation's oldest stock exchange and a global leader in options trading. 30th Street Station, the city's primary rail station, is the third-busiest Amtrak hub in the nation with over 4.1 million passengers in 2023. The city's multimodal transportation and logistics infrastructure includes Philadelphia International Airport, a major transatlantic gateway and transcontinental hub; the rapidly-growing PhilaPort seaport; and Interstate 95, the spine of the north–south highway system along the U.S. East Coast.
Philadelphia is a city of many firsts, including the nation's first library (1731), hospital (1751), medical school (1765), national capital (1774), university (by some accounts) (1779), central bank (1781), stock exchange (1790), zoo (1874), and business school (1881). Philadelphia contains 67 National Historic Landmarks, including Independence Hall. From the city's 17th century founding through the present, Philadelphia has been the birthplace or home to an extensive number of prominent and influential Americans. Provided by Wikipedia
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121Published 1910Philadelphia : [s.n.], 1910-1915.7 v. : ill. ; 26 cm.“...Commercial Museum (Philadelphia, Pa.)...”
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122Published 1917Philadelphia : The Commercial Museum, [1917-1931]12 v. : ill. ; 26 cm.“...Commercial Museum (Philadelphia, Pa.)...”
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123Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital,no. ill.“...Pennsylvania Hospital (Philadelphia, Pa.)...”
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124Published 1875Philadelphia, 1875.89 p. incl. illus., plans. front. (map) 2 fold. pl. 27 cm.“...Centennial Exhibition Philadelphia, Pa....”
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125Published 1897New London, Conn. [1897?]1 online resource (112 pages) : illustrations.“...Brainerd & Armstrong Co. (Philadelphia)...”
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126Philadelphia, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science.99 v.Also issued online.“...Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science...”
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127New York, W. Helburn.3 v. ill. 36 cm.“...T Square Club, (Philadelphia, PA)...”
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129Published 1884Philadelphia Burk, [c1884]1 online resource.“...Franklin Institute (Philadelphia, Pa.)...”
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130by Additon, Henrietta Silvis
Published 1928Chicago, Ill., University of Chicago Press [1928]vii p., 1 l., 150 p. diagr. 23 cm.“...Big sister association of Philadelphia...”
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131Philadelphia, Pa. : Jewish Exponent Pub. Co.,v.Available on microfilm from Atlas Microfilming Service.“...Allied Jewish Appeal of Philadelphia...”
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132Published 1876Philadelphia : A.C. Bryson & Co., Printers, 1876.1 online resource (14 p.)“...Centennial Exhibition Philadelphia, Pa....”
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133Published 1876Philadelphia : A.C. Bryson & Co., Printers, 1876.14 p. ; 24 cm.“...Centennial Exhibition Philadelphia, Pa....”
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134Published 1877Philadelphia : Printed by Allen, Lane & Scott, 1877.1 online resource (x, 491 pages) : frontispiece (folded plan)“...St. Mark's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)...”
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135Philadelphia : The Hospital,v. : ill.“...Hospital of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Philadelphia...”
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136Published 1914Philadelphia, A.H. Thomas Co. [1914]2 v. in 1. illus.“...Thomas, Arthur H., Company, Philadelphia...”
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137Published 1937[Philadelphia] c1937.232 p. illus.“...Philadelphia General Hospital. School of Nursing...”
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138Published 1858Philadelphia : Crissy & Markley, 1858.41 p., 2 leaves of plates : ill. ; 23 cm.“...Carpenters' Company of the City and County of Philadelphia...”
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139Philadelphia : The Hospital,v. : ill.“...St. Luke's Homœopathic Hospital of Philadelphia...”
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140Published 1930New York, Macmillan, 1930.xii p., 1 l., 115 p. illus. 20 cm.“...South Philadelphia High School for Girls...”