Italy
Italy,, }} officially the Italian Republic,, }} is a country in Southern and Western
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}}}} Europe. It is located on a peninsula that extends into the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and two enclaves: Vatican City and San Marino. It is the tenth-largest country in the Europe, covering an area of , and third-most populous member state of the European Union, with a population of nearly 60 million. Its capital and largest city is Rome; other major urban areas include Milan, Naples, Turin, Florence, and Venice.In antiquity, the Italian peninsula was home to numerous peoples; the Latin city of Rome, founded as a Kingdom, became a Republic that conquered the Mediterranean world and ruled it for centuries as an Empire. With the spread of Christianity, Rome became the seat of the Catholic Church and the Papacy. During the Early Middle Ages, Italy experienced the fall of the Western Roman Empire and inward migration from Germanic tribes. By the 11th century, Italian city-states and maritime republics expanded, bringing renewed prosperity through commerce and laying the groundwork for modern capitalism. The Italian Renaissance flourished during the 15th and 16th centuries and spread to the rest of Europe. Italian explorers discovered new routes to the Far East and the New World, leading the European Age of Discovery. However, centuries of rivalry and infighting between city-states left the peninsula divided. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Italian economic importance waned significantly.
After centuries of political and territorial divisions, Italy was almost entirely unified in 1861, following wars of independence and the Expedition of the Thousand, establishing the Kingdom of Italy. From the late 19th to the early 20th century, Italy rapidly industrialized, mainly in the north, and acquired a colonial empire, while the south remained largely impoverished, fueling a large immigrant diaspora to the Americas. From 1915 to 1918, Italy took part in World War I with the Entente against the Central Powers. In 1922, the Italian fascist dictatorship was established. During World War II, Italy was first part of the Axis until its surrender to the Allied powers (1940–1943), then a co-belligerent of the Allies during the Italian resistance and the liberation of Italy (1943–1945). Following the war, the monarchy was replaced by a republic and the country enjoyed a strong recovery.
Italy has the eighth-largest nominal GDP in the world, the second-largest manufacturing industry in Europe, and a significant role in regional and global economic, military, cultural, and diplomatic affairs. A developed country, ranking 30th in the Human Development Index, Italy is a founding and leading member of the European Union, and in numerous international institutions, including NATO, the G7, the Mediterranean Union, and the Latin Union. As a cultural superpower, Italy has long been a renowned centre of art, music, literature, cuisine, fashion, science and technology, and the source of multiple inventions and discoveries. It has the most World Heritage Sites (59), and is the fifth-most visited country. Provided by Wikipedia
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3Rome (pub. 1943-June 19, 1946)
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4by Italy. Sovereign (1861-1878 : Victor Emmanuel II)
Published 1878Roma, Tip. del Senato di Forzani e comp., 1878.[7], 118 p., 33 cm. -
5by Altmann, Walter, b. 1873
Published 1906Berlin, Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1906.2 p. l., 101 p. illus. 24 cm.“...Italy...”
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6by Vollweiler, Helmut
Published 1938Würzburg-Aumühle, K. Triltsch, v.1938.4 p. l., xv, 322 p. diagrs. 25 cm.“...Italy...”
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7Published 1935[Roma? : s.n.], 1935.36 p. ; 25 cm.“...Italy...”
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8Published 1890Paris, G. Pedone-Lauriel, 1890.2 p. l., [vii]-xiii p., 1 l., 231, [1] p. 23 cm.“...Italy...”
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9Published 1967[Singapore, Print. by the Govt. Print. Off., 1967?]7 p.“...Italy...”
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10by Pascale, Carlo
Published 1880Napoli : Dottore Leonardo Vallardi, 1880.1 online resource (260, clxxix pages)“...Italy...”
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11Published 1890Paris : G. Pedone-Lauriel, 1890.1 online resource (xiii, 231, [1] p.)“...Italy...”
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12Published 1896Paris : A. Pedone, Libraire de la cour d'appel et de l'ordre des avocats, 1896.1 online resource (li, 492 p.)“...Italy...”
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13Published 1861[Torino : s.n., 1861-1946]87 v. ; 29 cm.“...Italy...”
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14Published 1878Palermo, 1878.44 p. 30 cm.“...Palermo (Italy)...”
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15Published 1880Roma : Tipografia della R. Accademia dei Lincei, 1880-1887.4 v. : plates (some col.), fold. maps, col. facsims., double geneal. tables (1 col.); 30 cm.“...Asti (Italy)...”
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16Published 1906Perugia, 1906.48 p. 26 cm.“...Perugia (Italy)...”
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17Published 1869Venise, Imprimerie du commerce, 1869.1 p. ̋., [v] -lviip., 2 ̋., [3] -288 p.fold. tab. 26 cm.“...Venice (Italy)...”
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18Published 1606In Firenze, Appresso C. Marescotti, 1606.[4] p. 22 cm.“...Tuscany (Italy)...”
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19Published 1898Roma : Tipografia della Camera dei deputati, 1898.lxi, 1008, xv, 728 p. ; 32 cm.“...Italy. Parlamento...”
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20Published 1607Firenze, Appresso C. Marescotti, 1607.1 p. l., [5] p. 21 cm.“...Tuscany (Italy)...”